Refugees, Routes, and Risks: How People and Things Moved in the Early Modern Period

How did people move, before the inventions of the train and steamship? How did they cross borders before the passport, or get news before the internet, the telephone, the telegraph? We often imagine people, things, and ideas in the early modern period as being static, unchanging, and immobile. This course offers a new "mobile" perspective on history of the Early Modern world before 1800, particularly focusing on the Ottoman Empire, Eastern and Western Europe.